Simplex

A simplex is a mathematical object, analogous to a triangle. Every simplex has a dimension, which is a nonnegative integer; an n-simplex means a simplex of dimension n.


 * 1) A 0-simplex is just a point.
 * 2) A 1-simplex is an interval or line segment.
 * 3) A 2-simplex is a filled-in triangle.
 * 4) A 3-simplex is a solid tetrahedron.
 * 5) The standard n-simplex is the set $$\Delta_n$$ of points $$x=(x_0,\dots,x_n)\in [0,1]^n$$ for which the sum of coordinates is equal to 1.  For example, the standard 2-simplex is the shape of the corner of a cube if it is sliced off at an angle to produce a solid with three similar triangular faces (parts of the sides of the cube) and one larger, equilateral triangular face.